Thursday, March 13, 2008; Page A13
BEIJING, March 12 -- Human rights activists on Wednesday decried the U.S. State Department's decision to drop China from its list of the world's worst human rights violators, saying that China's crackdown on dissent is getting worse as it prepares to host the Olympic Games in August.
"We and others have documented a sharp uptick in human rights violations directly related to preparations for the Olympics," said Phelim Kine, Asia researcher with New York-based Human Rights Watch. The decision comes at the worst possible time for activists seeking to pressure Beijing to relax restrictions on free speech, release political prisoners and improve human rights protections, Kine added.
In the past week, Chinese police clashed with monks demonstrating for independence in Lhasa, capital of the remote mountainous region Tibet. Human rights activist Hu Jia, jailed after organizing a petition saying that Chinese wanted "human rights, not the Olympics," was informed that his trial on charges of subverting state power could begin as early as this month. A prominent human rights lawyer, Teng Biao, was abducted by the Beijing Public Security Bureau and then released two days later.
Chinese Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi, while not commenting directly on the State Department report, told reporters Wednesday that foreign leaders, including President Bush, have expressed support for the Beijing Olympics by committing to attend the opening ceremony. He warned that activists who wanted to tarnish China's image "will never get their way."
State Department officials in Washington on Tuesday sidestepped questions about why China was dropped from the worst-offenders list, where it has appeared in each of the previous two years. Jonathan Farrar, acting assistant secretary of the Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, said only that China's "human rights record remains poor" and that the report gives a "very frank appraisal" on the status of human rights in the country.
The U.S. report, prepared every year as a compendium of the human rights situation in dozens of countries, has a 63-page section on China that describes reports of brutality against prisoners, sometimes resulting in death, and executions of defendants without due process.
It documents tightening controls on religious freedom in Tibet, where many monks view the exiled Dalai Lama as their spiritual leader, and in Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region, with its mostly Muslim population. It noted that the Chinese government continues to harass and arrest activists, writers and defense lawyers seeking to exercise their rights under Chinese law. It cited reports that 29 journalists and 51 cyber-dissidents and Internet users were in jail at the end of 2007.
International activists have seized on the Olympics as a rallying point to pressure China to ease its restrictive policies, and many feel undercut by the timing of the U.S. decision.
"U.S. authorities are depriving themselves of yet another effective way to pressure China, without having achieved any goodwill gesture from Beijing," Paris-based Reporters Without Borders said in a statement. "The human rights dialogue between the two countries is set to resume, but shouldn't the U.S. have waited for a massive release of prisoners and an end to censorship before dropping China from the list?"
China also uses the Games as a rallying point, for national pride and international respect, and officials warn that anyone who disrupts their plans for a smooth-running Olympics will be dealt with severely.
"I want to make it clear that the Olympic Games in Beijing is to serve the Olympic spirit," Liu Jingmin, Beijing's vice mayor and executive vice president of the city's Olympics organizing committee, told reporters Wednesday. "We don't hope to see too much politics in this sport event."
A Web site that organizes expeditions to Mount Everest posted a notice this week that China was barring climbers from the north face until after May 10, when a runner carrying the Olympic torch is to reach the summit en route to Beijing. Last April, Chinese expelled five Americans after they unfurled "Free Tibet" banners at the Everest base camp.
Zhang Zuhua, a dissident political researcher in Beijing, said the human rights situation in China has not improved. But he is not currently pressing for change. "The police persuaded and even threatened me not to take any action until the Olympics finishes," he said in a telephone interview. "They hinted that if I go my own way, it is possible for them to arrest me."
Chen Yongmiao, a former lawyer who is now a dissident writer, said he was not surprised by the U.S. decision. "I guess if the U.S. still put China into the worst countries list, how could the U.S. attend the Olympics without receiving criticism from human rights organizations?"
Despite the U.S. gesture, China still faces challenges to its rule that could mar its public image. Protests that monks began in Tibet on Monday to mark the anniversary of a failed 1959 uprising against the Chinese turned violent Tuesday, according to U.S. government-funded Radio Free Asia. The radio service reported that police shot tear gas into a crowd of 500 monks marching near a police station in Lhasa.
Fu Jun, a spokesman for the Tibetan government in Lhasa, said the number of monks was smaller than reported. He said monks shouted slogans and held banners that read "Independent Tibet," but denied that police used tear gas. "The monks are young and don't understand history," Fu said in a telephone interview. "The police did not use force. They just dissuaded them."
Travel to Tibet is restricted and the reports could not be independently confirmed.
Back in Beijing, tight security is on display as the city hosts delegates to its Communist-controlled parliament, meeting this week.
Correspondent Maureen Fan and researchers Zhang Jie and Liu Liu contributed to this report.
US: Olympic Host China Lacks Freedoms3/11/2008
By ANNE GEARAN
WASHINGTON (AP) — China, host of the summer Olympics, is an authoritarian nation that denies its people basic human rights and freedoms, harasses journalists and foreign aid workers and tortures prisoners, the United
States charged Tuesday.
China is still among the world's human rights abusers despite rapid economic growth that has transformed large parts of Chinese society, the State Department said in an annual accounting of human rights practices around the
world.
Portions of the report were obtained by The Associated Press ahead of its release Tuesday. The report gives a chilling account of alleged torture in China, including the use of electric shocks, beatings, shackles, and other
forms of abuse. It includes an account of a prisoner strapped to a "tiger bench," as device that forces the legs to bend sometimes until they break.
The report details the lengths some Chinese officials have taken to enforce China's well-known "one child" policy, and says forced relocations went up last year. The report notes claims that people were forced from their homes to make way for Olympic projects in Beijing.
"The year 2007 saw increased efforts to control and censor the Internet, and the government tightened restrictions on freedom of speech and the domestic press," the report says of China. "The government continued to monitor, arass, detain, arrest, and imprison journalists, Internet writers, and bloggers."
The country-by-country report is compiled separately from U.S. diplomatic efforts, and presented to Congress. Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice was releasing it at the State Department.
(...)
North Korea is called an absolute dictatorship with repressive policies that control the most basic aspects of daily life. The report does not mention the intensive U.S. campaign for nuclear disarmament in North Korea, which included the first regular visits in decades by U.S. diplomats to the secretive regime in 2007.
"Pregnant female prisoners underwent forced abortions in some cases, and in other cases babies were killed upon birth in prisons," the report noted in its section covering detention and imprisonment in the North.
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